Just in Time, Toyota Production Systems and Lean Operations

The Just in Time (JIT), Toyota Productions System (TPS) and lean operations are some of the production systems used by different companies to improve operations and eliminate wastes.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Just in Time, Toyota Production Systems and Lean Operations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Main Purpose of JIT, TPS and LEAN Operations Operations and production improvements are mainly carried out to eliminate wastes, remove variability and improve throughput. Eliminate wastes: Most of the production systems focus on waste reduction. The main types of wastes that should be reduced include overproduction, transportation, Queues, inventory, movement of people, over processing and production of defective products. Variability: variability refers to the deviation from the normal process. This results to production of products within the set limits. The main sources of variability include poor produ ction process, inaccurate and incomplete drawings and not understanding the customers demand. Throughput: this is the total time required to complete the production process. It is the time required to change raw materials to complete products. Just in Time Method The just in time principle entails the continuous improvement of the production process. JIT focus on reducing inventory and throughput. It is widely used to improve operations. The materials arrive where they are needed and when they are needed. This drives out wastes and delays, reduces variability, improves throughput and reduces cost associated with excess inventory. JIT aims at minimizing the distance between long production lines, improving employee communication, increasing flexibility and reducing space and inventory. JIT is also used to improve quality through the use of statistical process control, empowering employees, use of failsafe methods and providing immediate customer feedback.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Toyota Production System (TPS) This Toyota production system emphasizes on continuous improvement, respect for people and the use of standard work practices. Continuous improvement entails building an organizational culture and a value system that stresses the need for process improvement. Respect for people involves empowering employees and training them so as to make improvements. The use of standard work practices involves defining the works completely in terms of content, sequence, timing and outcome. Lean Operations Lean production focuses on the customer. The customer’s wants are indentified and used to improve the production process. The main lean production techniques include; The use of JIT to eliminate inventory Employee training Space reduction Educating suppliers and forming partnership with them Eliminating services that don’t add value Mutual Insurance Company of Iowa The main attributes that the claims processing department will have include There will be no unprocessed claims as claims arrive and they are immediately processed Improved communication Use of computers to process claims Reduction of distance and processes that the claims have to go through Reduction of unnecessary employees Reduction of activities that don’t add value The restructured cell layout for claim processing Figure 1: claims processing department layout Assumptions about personnel and equipment The workers have been trained on new data entry techniques There will be new computers and equipments to help process the claims fast Benefits of JIT to IOWA Company Reduce the time taken to process claims Ensure customers are satisfied with the company Reduce the number of legal suits the company faces Reduce the number of redundant employees Increase profits Reduce cost associated with handling unprocessed claims This case study on Just in Time, Toyota Production Systems and Lean Operations was written and submitted by user Hawkeye/Clint Barton to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Play the Improv Game Surprise Guests

How to Play the Improv Game Surprise Guests Guess whos coming to dinner? The Surprise Guest improv game is played by four people, with the assistance of the rest of the audience in suggesting amusing identities for the guests. Three performers will act out the roles of guests and a Host will try to guess what those roles are. This improv game can be used as a light-hearted drama exercise or a theatrical party activity. It works well in a classroom situation. It can also be used as a party game if your social circle includes those who enjoy improv activities. The three guests and the Host get to exercise their improv skills while the audience can enjoy their antics. The game takes less than 10 minutes to set up and perform, making it a fun ice-breaker activity for a group or party. Set up for Surprise Guests One person volunteers to play the Host role.The Host leaves the room.Three performers serve as the Surprise Guests.Each Surprise Guest asks the audience, Who am I? The audience comes up with a role for each of them to play.As  with any improv game, encourage the audience to generate creative suggestions; the more outlandish the better. Examples Guest #1: An astronaut  with a severe fear of heightsGuest #2: An over-worked and surly elf from Santas toy shopGuest #3: A drunken Queen Elizabeth The Rules Once the Guests have been established, the Host returns and the improv game begins. First, the Host pantomimes getting ready for the party, then Guest #1 knocks on the door. The Host lets him/her inside and they begin to interact. A new Guest will arrive in about 60  seconds so that in a very quick amount of time the Host will be interacting with three different guest characters. The Host wants to figure out the identity of each Guest. However, this isnt just a guessing game. The Guests should offer discreet clues that become more and more obvious as the improv game continues. The main point of the activity is to generate humor and to develop quirky, unusual characters. Have fun! And remember, this and any other explanation of an improv game is just a blueprint. Feel free to add your own style to make it work best for your drama classroom, theater troupe, or improv party. Tips You may need to prompt the audience to get good suggested roles for the guests. Use the three suggestions so they understand that the guests need to have a strong emotional element to their character. The game wont be as fun if they are simply impersonating a celebrity or acting out a typical profession. The combinations should be a little surprising or out-of-character. This will give the guests the best cues to play with and points they can hit for jokes and humor. The purpose is to have fun rather than to stump the host, so the zanier the combinations, the better.

Assignment # 7 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

# 7 - Assignment Example b) The amount of profit generated by the company per dollar of sales: Net profit margin. It is profitability ratio. A company should have higher value for the ratio because it indicates high profitability. c) This ratio gives a measure of the number of days it takes a company to collect on sales that it sells on credit: Days sales outstanding. Efficiency/Asset Utilization ratio. A lower value for the ratio is favourable as a company collects cash faster from customers, it has good collection procedures. d) This ratio is used to determine how easily a company can pay interest expenses on outstanding debt: Times interest earned. It is a leverage ratio. A higher value for the ratio is favourable; the company has more cover for finance costs hence low business risk. e) This ratio specifies the number of days it takes for the company’s inventory to be converted to sales, either as cash or accounts receivable: Days in inventory. Efficiency/Asset Utilization ratio. A lower value for the ratio is more favourable as the company is converting its inventories into cash faster; hence the inventory is more liquid. f) This ratio indicates how profitable a company is over on accounting period (typically 12 months) without regard to how it is financed: Return on assets. Profitability ratio. A higher value for the ratio is required because it indicates that the company is more profitable. g) A ratio that further refines the liquidity by measuring the amount of the most liquid current assets there are to cover current liabilities: Acid test ratio. It is a liquidity ratio. A company should have higher value for the ratio to be able to meet its short term obligations with lots of ease. h) This ratio compares the amount of interest-bearing debt in a company’s capital structure to its total assets: Debt-to-total asset ratio (leverage ratio). A lower value for the ratio is required because it indicates less leverage and less risk. i) This ratio is a measure of